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Conference Program (865 KB)
Repeated Retrieval During Learning is the Key to Enhancing Later Retention
Presenters:
Jeffrey Karpicke, Washington University at St. Louis
Henry Roediger, III, Washington University at St. Louis
Abstract: Tests not only measure the contents of memory, they can also enhance learning and long-term retention. We report two experiments that investigated the role of test trials in producing learning during multitrial free recall. Subjects learned lists of words across multiple study and test trials and took a final recall test 1 week after learning. In Experiment 1, repeated testing during learning enhanced retention relative to repeated studying, although alternating study and test trials produced the best retention. In Experiment 2, recalled items were dropped from further studying or testing to investigate how different types of practice affect retention. Repeated study of previously recalled items did not benefit retention relative to dropping those items from further study. However, repeated recall of previously recalled items enhanced retention by more than 100% relative to dropping those items from further testing. Repeated retrieval of information is the key to long-term retention.