Main Findings
The main findings from the CLIO impact analyses are that (1) the CLIO combined curricula had statistically significant, positive impacts on some of the hypothesized precursors to the development of children’s early literacy skills, including instructional supports for literacy, child social competence, and parenting skills; but (2) the CLIO combined curricula did not have statistically significant impacts on any of the child language development and early literacy outcomes.
The CLIO combined curricula had statistically significant positive impacts on
- two of five measures of preschool instruction: support for print knowledge and literacy resources in the classroom;
- one of three measures of parenting instruction: the amount of parenting education time spent on child literacy;
- both measures of parenting outcomes: parent interactive reading skill and parent responsiveness to their child; and
- child social competence.
The CLIO combined curricula did not have statistically significant impacts on:
- three of five measures of preschool instruction: support for oral language, support for phonological awareness, and support for print motivation;
- two of three measures of parenting instruction: the amount of parenting education time spent on parenting skills not related to child literacy or the amount of parent-child time spent with parents and their children interacting on child literacy activities;
- monthly hours of preschool instruction received by children or monthly hours of parenting instruction received by parents;
- parent English reading skills (includes vocabulary); and
- child expressive language (in English or Spanish), receptive vocabulary, phonological awareness (Elision or Blending), print knowledge, or syntax and grammar.
The CLIO parenting curricula added value to the CLIO preschool curricula by increasing significantly the amount of parenting education time spent on child literacy, the amount of parenting education time spent on parenting skills not related to child literacy, and parent interactive reading skill. The CLIO parenting curricula did not significantly add value to the CLIO preschool curricula with respect to parent responsiveness, child literacy outcomes, or child social competence.