Table 4.1.Summary of Even Start and Control Group Means at Pre-test, Post-test, and Follow-up

Third National Even Start Evaluation: Follow-Up Findings From the Experimental Design Study

NCEE 2005-3002
December 2004

Table 4.1.

Summary of Even Start and Control Group Means at Pre-test, Post-test, and Follow-up

Outcome Measures	Mean Values
	Pretest		Posttest		Follow-up
	Even Start	Control	Even Start	Control	Even Start	Control
Child Outcomes
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test	72.89	74.48	77.21	76.77	80.69	82.22
WJR: Letter-Word Identification	359.13	359.60	368.00	369.42	392.68	397.47
WJR: Dictation	327.67	342.36	352.06	363.61	391.41	403.50
WJR: Applied Problems	389.81	391.07	407.55	417.26	430.43	436.51
WJR: Incomplete Words	439.65	444.60	450.24	461.09	458.80	459.29
WJR: Sound Blending	443.82	450.88	456.55	461.84	456.86	458.20
WJR: Early Development	357.70	362.80	374.87	382.75	402.18	412.50
Story & Print Concepts	4.57	4.71	5.29	5.67	7.53	7.96
SSRS: Soc Skills-Preschool	N/A	N/A	99.89	96.74	101.13	97.97
SSRS: Soc Skills- Elementary	N/A	N/A	102.74	100.90	102.66	103.39
SSRS: Problem Behavior-Preschool	N/A	N/A	97.57	97.53	100.77	97.38
SSRS: Problem Behavior-Elementary	N/A	N/A	95.72	101.00	98.77	97.90
Vineland Communication Domain	N/A	N/A	90.57	89.95	91.19	94.51
Child School Record Outcomes – Preschool
Percent Days Attended (mean)	N/A	N/A	65.82	68.73	75.80	79.84
Percent Days Absent (mean)	N/A	N/A	10.43	9.15	10.77	8.7
Child Ever Tardy (%)	N/A	N/A	10.20	6.25	10.00	7.14
Child in Special Ed (%)	N/A	N/A	7.22	7.14	17.39	14.81
Child School Record Outcomes - Elementary
Percent Days Attended (mean)	N/A	N/A	92.49	95.40	92.64	94.34
Percent Days Absent (mean)	N/A	N/A	5.89	4.58	4.83	4.48
Child Ever Tardy (%)	N/A	N/A	17.39	25.99	27.78	33.33
Child in Special Ed (%)	N/A	N/A	12.19	5.88	9.84	14.71
Parent Report of Child Literacy
Child Knows Alphabet (%)	8.21	6.59	13.04	17.58	27.54	30.77
Child Counts to 100 (%)	4.90	8.06	11.19	20.97	30.77	46.77
Child Knows Colors (%)	42.55	51.61	60.99	64.52	81.56	83.87
Extent Child Reads (child age <2,6 yrs)	0.22	0.89	1.48	1.67	2.09	2.22
Extent Child Reads (child age >2,6 yrs)	4.76	5.30	5.34	5.56	6.07	6.10
Age-Appropriate Writing	1.07	1.61	1.30	1.42	1.53	1.48
Child Knows Print Concepts	3.07	3.18	3.71	3.18	4.44	4.91
Parent Outcomes
WJR: Letter-Word ID	496.40	498.69	501.10	503.65	503.93	503.46
WJR: Passage Comprehension	475.66	481.72	479.30	485.47	481.59	488.22
WJR: Word Attack	488.48	491.18	493.11	494.44	494.86	493.68
WJR: Reading Vocabulary	482.27	488.82	485.48	491.90	489.01	496.28
WJR: Reading Comprehension	478.88	485.65	482.29	489.25	485.15	492.63
WJR: Basic Reading Skills	492.46	496.37	497.09	500.74	499.37	500.24
Parent GED Attainment (%)	8.51	9.09	12.23	9.09	17.55	11.36
Parent Employment (%)	26.05	21.78	32.56	33.66	30.23	30.69
Annual Household Income	5.03	4.88	5.10	5.03	5.39	5.20
Parent Report of Parent Literacy at Home
Variety of Parent Reading	7.17	6.90	7.31	7.48	7.62	7.68
Variety of Parent Writing	3.27	3.14	4.13	3.63	4.61	4.06
Parent Report of Parent-Child Reading
Parent Reads Child Daily (%)	29.44	28.71	26.64	20.79	27.57	23.76
Amount of Reading to Child	0.57	0.53	0.57	0.44	0.55	0.51
Variety of Reading to Child	1.67	1.83	1.77	1.95	1.78	1.90
Quality of Reading to Child	2.79	2.80	3.26	3.44	3.65	3.52
Parent Report of Literacy Resources at Home
Number of Books Child Has	2.07	2.16	2.42	2.47	2.65	2.68
Variety of Non-Print Resources	9.14	9.15	10.07	10.01	10.29	10.29
Variety of Print Resources	2.70	2.97	3.00	3.04	3.00	3.15
Parent Report of Parent Support of Child's School
Parent Participation in School	2.81	2.95	4.60	4.35	4.46	4.15
Parent Opinion About School	12.48	12.50	12.62	12.42	13.05	12.17
Note: See notes at end of table.

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Outcome Measures	Standard Deviations
	Pretest		Posttest		Follow-up
	Even Start	Control	Even Start	Control	Even Start	Control
Child Outcomes
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test	15.61	17.14	16.83	15.88	15.26	15.83
WJR: Letter-Word Identification	27.25	28.72	35.63	31.32	38.15	40.50
WJR: Dictation	66.01	58.26	58.63	58.72	50.73	43.71
WJR: Applied Problems	33.39	39.61	32.12	31.97	27.15	35.01
WJR: Incomplete Words	21.57	22.69	21.90	20.45	21.49	22.41
WJR: Sound Blending	19.65	22.16	19.01	18.72	19.10	14.54
WJR: Early Development	36.14	35.20	36.20	34.83	33.46	35.41
Story & Print Concepts	3.22	3.40	3.73	3.68	3.23	3.14
SSRS: Soc Skills-Preschool	N/A	N/A	16.85	16.34	18.30	16.39
SSRS: Soc Skills- Elementary	N/A	N/A	14.00	14.70	14.25	15.07
SSRS: Problem Behavior-Preschool	N/A	N/A	13.75	12.08	15.03	13.72
SSRS: Problem Behavior-Elementary	N/A	N/A	10.07	13.47	14.08	13.45
Vineland Communication Domain	N/A	N/A	15.08	17.71	18.06	19.08
Child School Record Outcomes – Preschool
Percent Days Attended (mean)	N/A	N/A	21.00	25.00	17.10	17.20
Percent Days Absent (mean)	N/A	N/A	11.00	7.00	8.90	8.40
Child Ever Tardy (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Child in Special Ed (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Child School Record Outcomes - Elementary
Percent Days Attended (mean)	N/A	N/A	8.65	6.36	11.90	7.80
Percent Days Absent (mean)	N/A	N/A	5.03	4.81	4.50	3.90
Child Ever Tardy (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Child in Special Ed (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Parent Report of Child Literacy
Child Knows Alphabet (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Child Counts to 100 (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Child Knows Colors (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extent Child Reads (child age <2,6 yrs)	0.42	1.36	1.24	1.41	1.20	1.09
Extent Child Reads (child age >2,6 yrs)	2.27	2.11	2.23	2.09	2.12	2.15
Age-Appropriate Writing	0.66	0.66	0.66	0.61	0.59	0.56
Child Knows Print Concepts	1.98	1.72	1.84	1.89	2.10	2.21
Parent Outcomes
WJR: Letter-Word ID	32.32	32.31	33.00	34.26	31.89	33.79
WJR: Passage Comprehension	33.78	31.45	34.40	30.28	30.72	27.96
WJR: Word Attack	20.74	16.83	21.46	18.13	22.61	18.27
WJR: Reading Vocabulary	28.60	25.87	28.46	22.78	26.19	22.11
WJR: Reading Comprehension	30.45	27.69	30.81	25.12	27.52	23.96
WJR: Basic Reading Skills	25.13	21.03	25.79	21.28	26.11	21.76
Parent GED Attainment (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Parent Employment (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Annual Household Income	2.02	2.10	2.13	2.23	2.05	2.13
Parent Report of Parent Literacy at Home
Variety of Parent Reading	2.70	3.01	2.75	2.75	2.59	2.55
Variety of Parent Writing	2.32	2.81	2.45	2.51	2.55	2.64
Parent Report of Parent-Child Reading
Parent Reads Child Daily (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Amount of Reading to Child	0.79	0.74	0.77	0.71	0.73	0.73
Variety of Reading to Child	1.38	1.52	1.46	1.59	1.50	1.66
Quality of Reading to Child	1.65	1.72	1.58	1.46	1.36	1.40
Parent Report of Literacy Resources at Home
Number of Books Child Has	1.13	1.25	1.09	1.15	1.17	1.19
Variety of Non-Print Resources	3.10	3.25	3.31	3.07	2.84	3.16
Variety of Print Resources	1.23	1.37	1.21	1.22	1.24	1.42
Parent Report of Parent Support of Child's School
Parent Participation in School	2.02	2.85	2.44	3.00	2.72	3.27
Parent Opinion About School	2.07	1.88	1.83	1.56	1.85	3.41
Note: See notes at end of table.

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Outcome Measures	Sample Size
	Pretest		Posttest		Follow-up
	Even Start	Control	Even Start	Control	Even Start	Control
Child Outcomes
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test	97	44	97	44	97	44
WJR: Letter-Word Identification	96	45	96	45	96	45
WJR: Dictation	88	44	88	44	88	44
WJR: Applied Problems	89	43	89	43	89	43
WJR: Incomplete Words	89	45	89	45	89	45
WJR: Sound Blending	44	25	44	25	44	25
WJR: Early Development	89	44	89	44	89	44
Story & Print Concepts	122	55	122	55	122	55
SSRS: Soc Skills-Preschool	N/A	N/A	88	19	71	29
SSRS: Soc Skills- Elementary	N/A	N/A	39	20	73	41
SSRS: Problem Behavior-Preschool	N/A	N/A	89	19	71	29
SSRS: Problem Behavior-Elementary	N/A	N/A	39	20	73	41
Vineland Communication Domain	N/A	N/A	129	38	147	70
Child School Record Outcomes – Preschool
Percent Days Attended (mean)	N/A	N/A	83	22	65	26
Percent Days Absent (mean)	N/A	N/A	75	25	62	22
Child Ever Tardy (%)	N/A	N/A	49	16	30	14
Child in Special Ed (%)	N/A	N/A	97	28	69	27
Child School Record Outcomes - Elementary
Percent Days Attended (mean)	N/A	N/A	39	15	70	36
Percent Days Absent (mean)	N/A	N/A	39	17	71	37
Child Ever Tardy (%)	N/A	N/A	28	8	36	24
Child in Special Ed (%)	N/A	N/A	41	17	61	34
Parent Report of Child Literacy
Child Knows Alphabet (%)	207	91	207	91	207	91
Child Counts to 100 (%)	143	62	143	62	143	62
Child Knows Colors (%)	141	62	141	62	141	62
Extent Child Reads (child age <2,6 yrs)	23	9	23	9	23	9
Extent Child Reads (child age >2,6 yrs)	143	63	143	63	143	63
Age-Appropriate Writing	210	93	210	93	210	93
Child Knows Print Concepts	38	11	38	11	38	11
Parent Outcomes
WJR: Letter-Word ID	149	65	149	65	149	65
WJR: Passage Comprehension	145	60	145	60	145	60
WJR: Word Attack	149	62	149	62	149	62
WJR: Reading Vocabulary	147	61	147	61	147	61
WJR: Reading Comprehension	145	60	145	60	145	60
WJR: Basic Reading Skills	149	62	149	62	149	62
Parent GED Attainment (%)	172	80	172	80	172	80
Parent Employment (%)	215	101	215	101	215	101
Annual Household Income	157	69	157	69	157	69
Parent Report of Parent Literacy at Home
Variety of Parent Reading	215	102	215	102	215	102
Variety of Parent Writing	215	102	215	102	215	120
Parent Report of Parent-Child Reading
Parent Reads Child Daily (%)	214	101	214	101	214	101
Amount of Reading to Child	215	102	215	102	215	102
Variety of Reading to Child	215	102	215	102	215	102
Quality of Reading to Child	211	101	211	101	211	101
Parent Report of Literacy Resources at Home
Number of Books Child Has	214	101	214	101	214	101
Variety of Non-Print Resources	214	100	214	100	214	100
Variety of Print Resources	215	102	215	102	215	102
Parent Report of Parent Support of Child's School
Parent Participation in School	70	20	70	20	70	20
Parent Opinion About School	21	12	21	12	21	12
Table reads: Even Start children averaged 72.89 points on the PPVT at pretest.
Note: N/A = not applicable; these measures were not administered at pretest. Sample sizes vary across measures for a variety of reasons including the following: WJR Sound Blending started at child age 4.0; Vineland started at child age 3.0. N's on parent reports also vary depending on the age of the child. Story and Print Concepts and Vineland were translated into Spanish; data were combined with data from English speakers. SSRS and Child School Record Outcomes for elementary school children have n's that increase over time as children age into elementary school. N's for these measures decrease over time for preschoolers. Child Ever Tardy for preschoolers comes from school records and some schools do not maintain that data element.

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