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Phonological Awareness Training plus Letter Knowledge Training
Early Childhood Education

Phonological Awareness Training plus Letter Knowledge Training was found to have potentially negative effects on oral language, positive effects on print knowledge, potentially positive effects on phonological processing and early reading/writing, and no discernible effects on cognition.

Phonological Awareness Training plus Letter Knowledge Training is a general practice aimed at enhancing young children’s phonological awareness, print awareness, and early reading abilities. Phonological awareness, the ability to detect or manipulate the sounds in words independent of meaning, is considered to be a precursor to reading. Phonological awareness training (without letter knowledge training) can involve various training activities that focus on teaching children to identify, detect, delete, segment, or blend segments of spoken words (i.e., words, syllables, onsets and rimes, phonemes) or that focus on teaching children to detect, identify, or produce rhyme or alliteration. The added letter knowledge training component includes teaching children the letters of the alphabet and making an explicit link between letters and sounds.

Findings

3
studies that met standards out of
3
eligible studies reviewed
Outcome
domain
Effectiveness Rating Grades Evidence Tier
Cognition No discernible effects PK
Early reading/writing Potentially positive effects PK
Oral language Potentially negative effects PK
Phonological processing Positive effects PK
Print knowledge Positive effects PK

Last Updated: December 2006

Race

Asian
18%
Black
26%
White
51%

Ethnicity

Hispanic
20%
Not Hispanic or Latino
76%

Gender

Male: 51%
Female: 49%

Free & Reduced-Price Lunch

Free & Reduced-Price Lunch icon
100%

English Learners

English Learners icon
33%

Delivery Method

whole class icon
Small Group

Locations

NY
Midwest, Northeast
Note: This summary only includes data from studies that reported sample information. The Intervention Report may include evidence from other studies that met standards, but did not report sample information.


Related Resources

This intervention report was prepared for the WWC by American Institutes for Research under contract ED-02-CO-0022.

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