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References


Met WWC evidence standards

Torgesen, J., Myers, D., Schirm, A., Stuart, E., Vartivarian, S., Mansfield, W., et al. (2006). National assessment of Title I interim report. Volume II: Closing the reading gap: First year findings from a randomized trial of four reading interventions for striving readers. Retrieved from Institute of Education Sciences, U. S. Department of Education Web site: http://www.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/disadv/title1interimreport/index.html

Did not meet WWC evidence screens

Algozzine, B., & Lockavitch, J. F. (1998). Effects of the Failure Free Reading program on students at-risk for reading failure. Special Services in the Schools, 13 (1/2), 95–103. 8

Algozzine, B., Lockavitch, J. F., & Audette, R. (1997). Implementing Failure-Free Reading with students seriously at-risk for failure. Australian Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2 (3), 14–17. 8

Bergquist, C. C., Richardson, G. H., Bigbie, C. L., Castine, W. H., Hancock, W. B., Largent, W. B., et al. (2001). Final report of the Failure Free Reading Bridges programs funded under Florida's 2000 Specific Appropriation 5A: Executive summary. Tallahassee, FL: Evaluation Systems Design, Inc. 8

Blount, L. J. (2003). Clay County School District comprehensive school reform grant project summary and evaluation report July 1, 1998–June 30, 2001. Green Cove Springs, FL: Clay County School District. 8

Educational Enhancement Services. (2000). Greensboro Elementary School comprehensive school reform evaluation report. Retrieved August 26, 2006, from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/Greensboro_CSRD_Report.pdf8

Additional sources:
Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research summary intensive intervention for upper elementary students. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_Upper_Elem_Intervention.pdf (Study: Florida Comprehensive School Reform Demonstration (CSRD) Sites)

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading's continuum of effectiveness: Research summary. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Greensboro Elementary, Gadsden County, FL)

England, G., Collins, S., & Algozzine, B. (n. d.). Effects of Failure Free Reading on culturally and linguistically diverse students with learning disabilities. Multiple Voices, 5 (1), 28–37. 8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Chicago Public Schools SES tutoring evaluation. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Dramatic intensive intervention results in Chicago. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/Dulles_Elem_Chicago.pdf8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. Retrieved August 26, 2006, from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_OHReads_Set_1.pdf (Study: Hamden Elementary)9

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. Retrieved August 26, 2006, from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_OHReads_Set_1.pdf (Study: Secrest Elementary)10

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. Retrieved August 26, 2006, from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_OHReads_Set_1.pdf (Study: Shumaker Elementary)9

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Independent research study Failure Free Reading research case study. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Program effectiveness has been shown through an experimental design that includes experimental and control groups created through random assignment or carefully matched comparison groups. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_vs_Control.pdf (Study: Cowee Elementary, Macon County, NC)10

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Program effectiveness has been shown through an experimental design that includes experimental and control groups created through random assignment or carefully matched comparison groups. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_vs_Control.pdf (Study: Southwest Elementary)11

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research findings concerning the impact of the Failure Free Reading program on at-risk and special education lowest literacy students. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Accelerated growth curve)8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research findings concerning the impact of the Failure Free Reading Program on at-risk and special education lowest literacy students. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Learning curve of at-risk and special education students)8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research findings concerning the impact of the Failure Free Reading program on at-risk and special education lowest literacy students. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Sustaining growth)8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research findings concerning the impact of the Failure Free Reading program on at-risk and special education lowest literacy students. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Transfer to standardized measuring instruments)8

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research summary intensive intervention for upper elementary students. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_Upper_Elem_Intervention.pdf (Study: Klein ISD)8

Additional source:
Failure Free Reading. (2005). Failure Free Reading's continuum of effectiveness: Research summary. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Klein ISD)

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research summary intensive intervention for upper elementary students. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_Upper_Elem_Intervention.pdf (Study: Russellville, AL—Fall 2002)10

Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Research summary intensive intervention for upper elementary students. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_Upper_Elem_Intervention.pdf (Study: Washington, DC—Spring 2002)9

Additional source:
Failure Free Reading. (2002). Case study: Washington, D. C. research results: River Terrace Elementary & Miner Elementary. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Failure Free Reading's Impact on North Carolina's end of grade assessment. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Cabarrus County—Coltrane-Webb Elementary, NC)8

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Failure Free Reading's Impact on North Carolina's end of grade assessment. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Catawba County)8

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Failure Free Reading's Impact on North Carolina's end of grade assessment. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Johnson County—Benson Elementary, NC)8

Additional source:
Failure Free Reading. (1999). Benson Elementary's 3rd and 4th graders experience 2 straight years of dramatic reading growth. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Failure Free Reading's Impact on North Carolina's end of grade assessment. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Lincoln County)8

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Failure Free Reading's Impact on North Carolina's end of grade assessment. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Rutherford County—Rutherfordton Elementary, NC)8

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Four week summer school with Failure Free Reading produces greater growth than entire year. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)10

Failure Free Reading. (1999). Twelve days with Failure Free Reading produced dramatic results (North Carolina Research Brief 99.102). Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_Catawba.pdf10

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Case study: Fairland East Elementary's fourth grade reading blitz. Concord, NC: Author. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)10

Additional sources:
Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Case study: Fairland East Elementary's after-school solution. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading's continuum of effectiveness: Research summary. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Fairland East Elementary, Proctorville, OH)

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Case study: Washington, DC summer reading blitz for special education. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Coronado High School Students, El Paso, TX: Stanford Achievement Test growth results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Chester Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Fullerton Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Lowest literacy students during OhioReads)8

Additional source:
Failure Free Reading. (2003). OhioReads research evaluation (2000–2001 School Year) impact on lowest literacy students. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Lincoln Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Lyme Elementary) 8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. Retrieved August 26, 2006, from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_OHReads_Set_1.pdf (Study: Midway Elementary)9

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. Retrieved August 26, 2006, from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_OHReads_Set_1.pdf (Study: Miles Standish Elementary)9

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Mount Washington Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: North Elementary, Urbana City Schools)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Perry Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: SC Dennis Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: OhioReads 2000–01 school year results. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Williamson Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading's continuum of effectiveness: Research summary. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Dickerson Elementary)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading's continuum of effectiveness: Research summary. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: West Clay Elementary, Clay County, MS)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: Intervention for Beginning Reading. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Greenwood, MS: Longitudinal study of at-risk 1st graders)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Failure Free Reading research findings: Intervention for Beginning Reading. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025) (Study: Rowan County, NC: Reading readiness study of at-risk 1st graders)8

Failure Free Reading. (2003). Washington DC—Reed elementary 2002/03 results. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/FFR_Reed_Elem_2003.pdf8

Failure Free Reading. (2004). Anne Arundel County, MD. Retrieved from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/Anne_Arundel_Summary.pdf8

Failure Free Reading. (2004). Supplemental educational service provider (SSP): Bacon School, Millville, NJ. Retreived from http://www.failurefree.com/downloads/Bacon_Results_Summary.pdf 8

Lockavitch, J. F., & Algozzine, B. (1998). Effects of intensive intervention on students at-risk for reading failure. The Florida Reading Quarterly, 35 (2), 27–31. 9

Lockavitch, J. F., Morgan, L., & Algozzine, B. (1999). Accelerating the growth curve: Improving opportunities for children at risk for reading failure. Proven Practice, 1 (2), 60–67. 8

McElveen, L. K. (2000, June). Case study: Helen Edwards Elementary, New Orleans, Louisiana. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 W. Cabarrus Ave., Concord, NC 28025)8

Additional sources:
Failure Free Reading. (n. d.). Case study: Helen Edwards Elementary, New Orleans, Louisiana. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 W. Cabarrus Ave., Concord, NC 28025)

McElveen, L. K. (2000). Helen S. Edwards elementary school: Comprehensive School Reform Demonstration program (CSRD): Evaluation report for year one of the Failure Free Reading Program. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 W. Cabarrus Ave., Concord, NC 28025)

Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. (2003). Brightmoor America reads challenge: Detroit, Michigan. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)8

Rankhorn, B., England, G., Collins, S. M., Lockavitch, J. F., & Algozzine, B. (1998). Effects of the Failure Free Reading program on students with severe reading disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 31 (3), 307–312. 9

Schroeder, C., & Henry, S. (2003). The Copperas Cove I. S. D. Failure Free Reading research project. (Available from Failure Free Reading, 140 Cabarrus Ave., W., Concord, NC 28025)8

Slate, J. (n. d.). Failure Free Reading: A program evaluation. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University, Department of Educational Leadership. 8

Slate, J., Algozzine, B., & Lockavitch, J. F. (1998). Effects of intensive remedial reading instruction. Journal of At-Risk Issues, 5 (1), 30–35. 8

8 Does not use a strong causal design: this study did not use a comparison group.
9 The sample is not appropriate to this review: the parameters for this WWC review specified that students should be in grades kindergarten through third grade; this study did not disaggregate students in the eligible range from those outside the range.
10 The sample is not appropriate to this review: the parameters for this WWC review specified that students should be in grades kindergarten through third grade during the time of the intervention: this study did not focus on the targeted grades.
11 Complete data are not reported: the WWC could not evaluate the design because complete data were not reported.

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