References

Met WWC evidence standards

Borman, G. D., & Benson, J. (2006). Can brain research and computers improve literacy? A randomized field trial of the Fast ForWord® Language computer-based training program (WCER Working Paper No. 2006-5). Madison: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Center for Education Research.

Additional source:
Borman, G. D., & Benson, J. Can brain research and computers improve literacy? A randomized field trial of the Fast ForWord® Language computer-based training program. Unpublished report.

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005a). Improved early reading skills by students in three districts who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 1. MAPS for Learning: Product Reports, 9 (1), 1-5.

Additional source:
Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005d). Improved early reading skills by students in the Springfield City School District who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 1. MAPS for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (25), 1-5.

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005b). Improved reading skills by students in the Lancaster County School District who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 2. MAPS for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (8), 1-4.

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005c). Improved reading skills by students in Seminole County School District who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 1 and 2. MAPS for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (17), 1-6.

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2006). Improved reading skills by students who used Fast ForWord® to Reading Prep. MAPS for Learning: Product Reports, 10 (1), 1-6.

Met WWC evidence standards with reservations

Overbay, A., & Baenen, N. (2003). Fast ForWord® evaluation, 2002-03 (Eye on Evaluation, E&R Report No. 03.24). Raleigh, NC: Wake County Public School System.

Did not meet WWC evidence screens

Battin, R. R., Young, M., & Burns, M. (2000). Use of Fast ForWord® in remediation of central auditory processing disorders. Audiology Today, 12 (2), 13-15. ¹⁰

Booth, J. R., Perfetti, C. A., MacWhinney, B., & Hunt, S. B. (2000). The association of rapid temporal perception with orthographic and phonological processing in children and adults with reading impairment. Scientific Studies of Reading, 4 (2), 101-132. ¹¹

Breier, J. I., Gray, L., Fletcher, J. M., Diehl, R. L., Klaas, P., Foorman, B. R., et al. (2001). Perception of voice and tone onset time continua in children with dyslexia with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 80 (3), 245-270. ¹²

Friel-Patti, S., DesBarres, K., & Thibodeau, L. (2001). Case studies of children using Fast ForWord®. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 10 (3), 203-215. ¹³

Gillam, R. B., Crofford, J. A., Gale, M. A., & Hoffman, L. M. (2001). Language change following computer-assisted language instruction with Fast ForWord® or Laureate Learning Systems Software. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology,10 (3), 231-247. ¹⁴

Habib, M., Espesser, R., Rey, V., Giraud, K., Brunas, P., & Gres, C. (1999). Training dyslexics with acoustically modified speech: Evidence of improved phonological awareness. Brain & Cognition, 40, 43-146. ¹⁴

Habib, M., Rey, V., Daffaure, V., Camps, R., Espesser, R., Joly- Pottuz, B., et al. (2002). Phonological training in children with dyslexia using temporally modified speech: A three-step pilot investigation. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 37 (3), 289-308. ¹⁴

Hall, L. S. (2002). Dallas Independent School District, final report: Scientific Learning/Fast ForWord® program: 2001-2002 (Report No. REIS02-168-2). Retrieved from the Scientific Learning Corporation Web site: http://www.scilearn.com/alldocs/rsrch/30051DallasEduRpt.pdf ¹³

Hook, P. E., Macaruso, P., & Jones, S. (2001). Efficacy of Fast ForWord® training on facilitating acquisition of reading skills by children with reading difficulties: A longitudinal study. Annals of Dyslexia, 51, 75-96. ¹²

Marion, G. G. (2004). An examination of the relationship between students' use of the Fast ForWord® reading program and their performance on standardized assessments in elementary schools. Dissertation Abstracts International, 65 (01), 106A. (UMI No. 3120324) ¹¹

Marler, J. A., Champlin, C. A., & Gillam, R. B. (2001). Backward and simultaneous masking measured in children with language-learning impairments who received intervention with Fast ForWord® or Laureate Learning Systems Software. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 10 (3), 258-268. ¹⁰

Merzenich, M. M., Jenkins, W. M., Johnston, P., Schreiner, C., Miller, S. L., Tallal, P. (1996). Temporal processing deficits of language-learning impaired children ameliorated by training. Science, 271, 77-80. ¹⁰

Merzenich, M. M., Miller, S. L., Jenkins, W. M., Saunders, G., Protopapas, A., Peterson, B. E., & Tallal, P. (1997). Amelioration of the acoustic reception and speech reception deficits underlying language-based learning impairments. In C. von Euler, I. Lundberg, & R. Llinas (Eds.), Basic mechanisms in cognition and language (pp. 143-172). New York: Elsevier. ¹⁰

Merzenich, M. M., Saunders, G., Jenkins, W. M., Miller, S. L., Peterson, B. E., & Tallal, P. (1999). Pervasive developmental disorders: Listening training and language abilities. In S. H. Broman & J. M. Fletcher (Eds.), The changing nervous system: Neurobehavioral consequences of early brain disorders (pp. 365-385). New York: Oxford University Press. ¹⁰

Merzenich, M. M., Tallal, P., Peterson, B. E., Miller, S. L., & Jenkins, W. M. (1999). Some neurological principles relevant to the origins of—and the cortical plasticity-based remediation of—developmental language impairments. In J. Grafman & Y. Christen (Eds.), Neuroplasticity: Building a bridge from the laboratory to the clinic (pp. 169-187). Amsterdam: Elsevier. ¹⁰

Miller, S. L., Merzenich, M. M., Tallal, P., DeVivo, K., LaRossa, K., Linn, N., et al. (1999). Fast ForWord ® training in children with low reading performance. Paper presented at the meeting of the Jaarcongres Auditieve Vaardigheden en Spraak-taal (Dutch National Speech-Language Association), Woerden, Netherlands. ¹²

Nagarajan, S. S., Wang, X., Merzenich, M. M., Schreiner, C., Johnston, P., Jenkins, W. M., et al. (1998). Speech modifications algorithms used for training language learning-impaired children. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, 6 (3), 257-268. ¹⁰

Pokorni, J. L., Worthington, C. K., & Jamison, P. J. (2004). Phonological awareness intervention: Comparison of Fast ForWord®, Earobics, and LiPS. The Journal of Educational Research, 97 (3), 147-157. ¹²

Rouse, C. E., & Krueger, A. B. (2004). Putting computerized instruction to the test: A randomized evaluation of a "scientifically based" reading program. Economics of Education Review, 23 (4), 323-338. ¹²

Schopmeyer, B., Mellon, N., Dobaj, H., Grant, G., & Niparko, J. K. (2000). Use of Fast ForWord® to enhance language development in children with cochlear implants. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 109 (12), 95-98. ¹⁰

Scientific Learning Corporation. (n.d.). Summary of data collected and analyzed by the Dallas Independent School District (Research and Outcomes Department Report #129). Texas: Author. ¹⁰

Scientific Learning Corporation. (1998). National field trial results. Oakland, CA: Author. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2002). Scientifically based reading research and the Fast ForWord products: Research implications for effective language and reading intervention (Education Department Report #127). Oakland, CA: Author. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Cherry Hill Public School District, New Jersey. Oakland, CA: Author. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Cobb County School District, Georgia. Oakland, CA: Author. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Fast ForWord® language to reading: A research study. Oakland, CA: Author. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Fast ForWord® middle and high school: A research study. (Report #117). Oakland, CA: Research and Outcomes Department. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved language and early reading skills of English-language learners in the Paradise Valley Unified School District who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (7), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved language skills by students in the Escambia County School District who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (8), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved listening comprehension by middle school students in the Waupun School District who used Fast ForWord® Middle & High School. MAPS for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (2), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved reading achievement by middle school students at George Thomas Middle School who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (22), 1-3. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved reading skills by high school students in the Pocatello/Chubbuck School District #25 who used Fast ForWord® Middle & High School. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (5), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved reading skills by students in the exceptional student education program in the Osceola County School District who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (1), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). Improved reading vocabulary and comprehension skills by students in the School District of Philadelphia who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (6), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2003). School District 154, Illinois. Oakland, CA: Author. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved academic achievement by students in the Manchester City School District, Tennessee, who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (7), 1-5. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved academic skills of low-performing students in the Pacifica School District who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (1), 1-7. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved cognitive and early reading by students in the Berlin School District who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (31), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved early reading skills by students in the Marshall County School District who used Fast ForWord® Basics. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (12), 1-3. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved cognitive and language skills by students in the Niagara Falls City School District who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (35), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved cognitive and early reading skills by students in the Stamford City School District who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (30), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and early reading skills by students who used Fast ForWord® Language to Reading. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (1), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and early reading skills by students who used Fast ForWord® Middle & High School. Maps for Learning: Product Reports, 8 (2), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and early reading skills by students who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 3. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (3), 1-3. ¹⁵

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and early reading skills by students at the Rockaway Township School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (15), 1-5. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading skills by students at Title I schools who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (16), 1-8. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and early reading skills by students in the Cherry Hill Public School District in New Jersey who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (4), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and early reading skills by students in the Harrisburg School who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (10), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading achievement by students in the Grainger County School District who used the Fast ForWord® Language product. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (2), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading skills by students in the Albuquerque Public School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (33), 1-5. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading skills by students in the Boone County School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning, Educator Reports, 8 (17), 1-7. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading skills by students in the Los Banos Unified School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (18), 1-6. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading skills by students in the Puyallup School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (11), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language and reading skills by students in the School District of Philadelphia who were receiving services for special education and who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (20), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language skills by children with low reading performance who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Product Report, 3 (1), 1-13. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language skills by children with low reading performance who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Product Report, 3 (1), 1-13. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language skills by students at Mora School District who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (19), 1-4. ¹⁶

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language skills by students in the Brainerd School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (29), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language skills by students in Shelby County School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (26), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved language skills by students in the Pottsville School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning, Educator Reports, 8 (24), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved Ohio reading proficiency test scores by students in the Springfield City School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (8), 1-5. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading abilities by students in the Bethlehem Area School District in Pennsylvania who used the Fast ForWord® Language product. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (3), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading achievement by students in the Bay District Schools in Florida who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (27), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading achievement by students in the Pawhuska and Harlandale School Districts who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 3. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 7 (13), 1-3. ¹⁵

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading achievement by students in the School District of Philadelphia who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (21), 1-6. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading comprehension by students in the Trumbull Public Schools who used Fast ForWord® Products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (34), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading skills by students in the Virginia Department of Correctional Education who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (28), 1-5. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Improved reading skills by students who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 3. Maps for Learning: Product Reports, 8 (3), 1-3. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Increased reading achievement by students in Pocatello/Chubbuck school district 25 who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (32), 1-3. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2004). Reading skills improved by students at Centerville Elementary School who used Fast ForWord® to Reading 3. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 8 (2), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved academic achievement by students in the Joshua Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (19), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved academic achievement by students in the Christina School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (7), 1-10. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved academic skills in the Harlem School District 12 by students with Native American ancestry who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (12), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved academic skills by students at Harlem School District 12 who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (11), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved oral language skills by students in the Weymouth Public Schools who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (18), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved academic skills by students at Harlem School District 12 who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (11), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved oral language skills by students in the Weymouth Public Schools who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (18), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading achievement by students in Oregon City School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (20), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading achievement by students in the Miami-Dade County Public Schools who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (10), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the School District of Philadelphia who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (31), 1-6. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading achievement by students in the Washington Local School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (9), 1-6. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Poteau School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (16), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in Williamsport Area School District who used Fast ForWord® Language. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (15), 1-4. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Wichita Falls Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (13), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in Todd County School District who used Fast ForWord® products. MAPS for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (14), 1-8. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the United Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (27), 1-5. 11

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Columbia School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (36), 1-8. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the El Campo Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (29), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the El Campo Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products with a 30-minute protocol. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (35), 1-4. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the La Joya Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (32), 1-7. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Portsmouth School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 10 (8), 1-4. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Hingham Public School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (26), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in a Texas school district who used Fast For Word ® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports,9 (24), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Clover Park School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (6), 1-7. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Monessen City School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (23), 1-6. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Erlanger-Elsmere Independent School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (22), 1-4. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Anne Arundel County Public Schools who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (4), 1-5. ¹³

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skills by students in the Milford City School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (1), 1-4. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2005). Improved reading skill by students in Weakley County School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 9 (21), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2006). Improved academic achievement by students in the Hamilton County School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 10 (1), 1-4. ¹¹

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2006). Improved language and reading skills by students in NSW Australia who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 10 (3), 1-5. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2006). Improved reading skills and behavior in primary school students who used Fast ForWord® Language at a Singapore Public School. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 10 (5), 1-6. ¹²

Scientific Learning Corporation. (2006). Improved reading skills by students in Boone County School District who used Fast ForWord® products. Maps for Learning: Educator Reports, 10 (15), 1-7. ¹²

Slattey, C. A. (2003). The impact of a computer-based training system on strengthening phonemic awareness and increasing reading ability level. Dissertation Abstracts International, 64 (09), 3234A. (UMI No. 3103754) ¹²

Tallal, P., Miller, S. L., Bedi, G., Byma, G., Wang, X., Nagarajan, S. S., Schreiner, C., Jenkins, W. M., & Merzenich, M. M. (1996). Language comprehension in language-learning impaired children improved with acoustically modified speech. Science, 271, 81-84. ¹⁰

Tallal, P., Saunders, G., Miller, S., Jenkins, W. M., Protopapas, A., & Merzenich, M. M. (1997). Rapid training-driven improvement in language ability in autistic and other PDD children. Society for Neuroscience-Abstracts, 23, 490. ¹²

Temple, E., Deutsch, G. K., Poldrack, R. A., Miller, S. L., Tallal, P., Merzenich, M. M., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2003). Neural deficits in children with dyslexia ameliorated by behavioral remediation: Evidence from functional MRI. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100 (5), 2860-2865. ¹⁰

Temple, E., Poldrack, R. A., Protopapas, A., Salz, T., Tallal, P., Merzenich, M. M., Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2000). Disruption of the neural response to rapid acoustic stimuli in dyslexia: Evidence from functional MRI. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97 (25), 13907-13912. ¹⁰

Thibodeau, L., Friel-Patti, S., & Britt, L. (2001). Psychoacoustic performance in children completing Fast ForWord® training. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 10 (3), 248-257. ¹⁰

Trei, L. (2003, February). Remediation training improves reading ability of dyslexic children. Stanford Report. Retrieved from http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2003/february26/dyslexia-226.html¹¹

Troia, G. A. (2004). Migrant students with limited English proficiency: Can Fast ForWord® Language™ make a difference in their language skills and academic achievement? Remedial and Special Education, 25 (6), 353-368. ¹²

Troia, G. A., & Whitney, S. D. (2002). A close look at the efficacy of Fast ForWord® Language for children with academic weaknesses. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 28 (4), 465-494. ¹²

Disposition pending

Loeb, D. F., Stoke, C., & Fey, M. E. (2001). Language changes associated with Fast ForWord® Language: Evidence from case studies. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 10 (3), 216-230. ¹⁷

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