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Character Education
References
Met WWC evidence standards
Eisen, M., Zellman, G. L., & Murray, D. M. (2003). Evaluating the Lions-Quest "Skills for Adolescence" drug education program: Second-year behavior outcomes. Addictive Behaviors, 28, 883–897.
Additional sources:
Eisen, M. (2002). Intermediate outcomes from a life skills education program with a media literacy component. In Crano, W. D., & Burgoon, M. (Eds.) Mass media and drug prevention: Classic and contemporary theories and research. (pp. 187–214). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Eisen, M., Zellman, G. L., Massett, H. A., & Murray, D. M. (2002). Evaluating the Lions-Quest "Skills for Adolescence" drug education program: First-year behavior outcomes. Addictive Behaviors, 27, 619–632.
Did not meet WWC evidence screens
Gilman, D. A. (1991). A study of the QUEST program for the academic year 1990–91. A report prepared for the analysis of pretest and posttest measures for the North Gibson School Corporation. Princeton, Indiana.6
Goldsmith, L. M. (1990). An evaluation of the influence of the Skills for Adolescence program on the self-esteem and attitude towards school of sixth-grade Mexican-American students. Dissertation, Baylor University.7
Heinemann, G. H. (1990). The effects of the Lions-Quest "Skills for Adolescence" program on self-esteem development and academic achievement at the middle school level. Dissertation Abstracts International. (UMI No. 9033128).8
Heuer, L. G. (1996). Behavior, attitudes, and knowledge related to drug and alcohol prevention curricula in North Dakota seventh through twelve grade students. Dissertation Abstracts International, 56 (10), 3826.9
Laird, M., Syropolous, M., & Black, S. (1995). An evaluation of Lions-Quest's Skills for Adolescence. Limited circulation report.10
Buscemi, M. (n. d.). Lions-Quest Skills for Adolescence evaluation. Limited circulation summary report compiled by and for Lions-Quest.
Additional sources:
Keister, S. C. (n. d.). Quest International. Lions-Quest Skills for Adolescence. Limited circulation summary report compiled for and by Lions-Quest.Ray, N. G. (1990). The effects of the Lions-Quest "Skills for Adolescence" program on student self-concept at the middle school level. Dissertation Abstracts International. (UMI No. 9107327).11
Roberson, R. M. (1991). The effects of the Quest's Skills for Adolescence training on the self concept and reading achievement of sixth grade students. Dissertation, US International University.12
7 Does not use a strong causal design: there was only one intervention and one comparison unit, so the analysis could not separate the effects of the intervention from other factors.
8 Does not use a strong causal design: the study, which used a quasi-experimental design, did not establish that the comparison group was equivalent to the intervention group at the baseline.
9 The sample is not appropriate for this review: data were not disaggregated so that the WWC could not examine the results for the sample that is relevant to this review.
10 Complete data are not reported: the WWC could not compute effect sizes.
11 Incomparable groups: The intervention and comparison groups were not comparable at baseline and that difference was not controlled for in the statistical analysis.
12 Severe overall attrition: the study, which used a quasi-experimental design, lost a large portion of its sample from the pretest to the posttest.