In September, 2017, the National Center for Special Education Research (NCSER) and the National Center for Education Research (NCER) in the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) convened a group of researchers and practitioners in CTE to seek input on the key research questions that need to be addressed and strategies for promoting research in CTE. The discussion followed four major topics of inquiry: 1) Who is served by CTE and who is left behind? 2) What do we know—and need to know—about CTE policies, programs, and practices at the secondary and postsecondary levels? 3) What are the critical methodological issues in CTE? 4) What is needed to advance CTE research? This meeting summary covers the major points of discussion and the recommendations that were offered.