Improving student literacy in the Phoenix Union High School District 2003–04 and 2004–05: Final report. [READ 180 (Cohort 2) vs. business as usual]
White, R., Haslam, B. M., & Hewes, G. (2006). Policy Studies Associates. https://www.policystudies.com.
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examining1,630Students, grade9
Practice Guide
Review Details
Reviewed: November 2021
- Practice Guide (findings for READ 180®)
- Quasi-Experimental Design
- Meets WWC standards with reservations because it uses a quasi-experimental design in which the analytic intervention and comparison groups satisfy the baseline equivalence requirement.
This review may not reflect the full body of research evidence for this intervention.
Evidence Tier rating based solely on this study. This intervention may achieve a higher tier when combined with the full body of evidence.
Findings
|
Outcome measure |
Comparison | Period | Sample |
Intervention mean |
Comparison mean |
Significant? |
Improvement index |
Evidence tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Terra Nova, 2nd Edition, Reading subscore |
READ 180® vs. Unknown |
0 Days |
Cohort 2 (9th grade during the 2004-2005 academic year) ;
|
41.20 |
38.30 |
Yes |
|
|
Evidence Tier rating based solely on this study. This intervention may achieve a higher tier when combined with the full body of evidence.
Sample Characteristics
Characteristics of study sample as reported by study author.
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42% English language learners -
Female: 49%
Male: 52% -
Urban
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Arizona
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Race Other or unknown 100% -
Ethnicity Hispanic 85% Not Hispanic or Latino 15%
Study Details
Setting
The study took place in the Phoenix Union High School District in Arizona.
Study sample
The participants are ninth-grade students who were reading one or more grade level below their assigned grade level. The analytic sample varies with the outcome measure. Of the intervention group in Cohort 2, 40 percent were eligible for English learner services, 7 percent were eligible for special education services, 48 percent were female, and 84 percent were Hispanic. Of the comparison group in Cohort 2, 44 percent were eligible for English learner services, 10 percent were eligible for special education services, 49 percent were female, and 86 percent were Hispanic.
Intervention Group
The study examined the effectiveness of a reading intervention for students struggling with reading. The intervention group received the Scholastic’s READ 180 program, Version 1.6 for one year. The study provided no other information about the intervention.
Comparison Group
The study did not provide information on the comparison group, other than the comparison group students did not participate in READ 180.
Support for implementation
The study did not provide any on information about implementation support.
An indicator of the effect of the intervention, the improvement index can be interpreted as the expected change in percentile rank for an average comparison group student if that student had received the intervention.
For more, please see the WWC Glossary entry for improvement index.
An outcome is the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that are attained as a result of an activity. An outcome measures is an instrument, device, or method that provides data on the outcome.
A finding that is included in the effectiveness rating. Excluded findings may include subgroups and subscales.
The sample on which the analysis was conducted.
The group to which the intervention group is compared, which may include a different intervention, business as usual, or no services.
The timing of the post-intervention outcome measure.
The number of students included in the analysis.
The mean score of students in the intervention group.
The mean score of students in the comparison group.
The WWC considers a finding to be statistically significant if the likelihood that the finding is due to chance alone, rather than a real difference, is less than five percent.
The WWC reviews studies for WWC products, Department of Education grant competitions, and IES performance measures.
The name and version of the document used to guide the review of the study.
The version of the WWC design standards used to guide the review of the study.
The result of the WWC assessment of the study. The rating is based on the strength of evidence of the effectiveness of the intervention. Studies are given a rating of Meets WWC Design Standards without Reservations, Meets WWC Design Standards with Reservations, or >Does Not Meet WWC Design Standards.
A related publication that was reviewed alongside the main study of interest.
Study findings for this report.
Based on the direction, magnitude, and statistical significance of the findings within a domain, the WWC characterizes the findings from a study as one of the following: statistically significant positive effects, substantively important positive effects, indeterminate effects, substantively important negative effects, and statistically significant negative effects. For more, please see the WWC Handbook.
The WWC may review studies for multiple purposes, including different reports and re-reviews using updated standards. Each WWC review of this study is listed in the dropdown. Details on any review may be accessed by making a selection from the drop down list.
Tier 1 Strong indicates strong evidence of effectiveness,
Tier 2 Moderate indicates moderate evidence of effectiveness, and
Tier 3 Promising indicates promising evidence of effectiveness,
as defined in the
non-regulatory guidance for ESSA
and the regulations for ED discretionary grants (EDGAR Part 77).