Table ES-2. Year 1 Test Score Differential ITT Regression-Based Impact Estimates
| Reading | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Student Achievement | Treatment Group Mean |
Control Group Mean |
Difference (Estimated Impact) |
Effect Size | p-value |
| Full sample | 606.20 | 605.18 | 1.03 | .03 | .56 |
| Subgroups: | |||||
| SINI ever | 625.50 | 625.74 | -.24 | -.01 | .92 |
| SINI never | 592.14 | 590.10 | 2.04 | .05 | .45 |
| Difference | 33.62 | 35.64 | -2.27 | -.06 | .54 |
| Lower performance | 580.89 | 582.48 | -1.59 | -.05 | .65 |
| Higher performance | 617.19 | 614.75 | 2.44 | .07 | .25 |
| Difference | -36.30 | -32.27 | -4.03 | -.11 | .34 |
| Male | 607.08 | 605.51 | 1.56 | .04 | .55 |
| Female | 605.40 | 604.88 | .52 | .01 | .84 |
| Difference | 1.68 | .64 | 1.05 | .03 | .78 |
| K–8 | 590.80 | 589.30 | 1.50 | .04 | .45 |
| 9–12 | 676.23 | 677.33 | -1.10 | -.04 | .73 |
| Difference | -85.44 | -88.03 | 2.60 | .07 | .49 |
| Cohort 2 | 591.77 | 592.15 | -.38 | -.01 | .85 |
| Cohort 1 | 659.13 | 653.03 | 6.10 | .20 | .11 |
| Difference | -67.36 | -60.88 | -6.48 | -.18 | .14 |
| Math | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Student Achievement | Treatment Group Mean |
Control Group Mean |
Difference (Estimated Impact) |
Effect Size | p-value |
| Full sample | 595.61 | 592.87 | 2.74 | .08 | .07 |
| Subgroups: | |||||
| SINI ever | 568.30 | 568.10 | .20 | .01 | .93 |
| SINI never | 615.57 | 610.89 | 4.68* | .12 | .04 |
| Difference | -47.27 | -42.79 | -4.48 | -.13 | .17 |
| Lower performance | 576.07 | 576.72 | -.66 | -.02 | .81 |
| Higher performance | 603.95 | 599.66 | 4.30* | .12 | .03 |
| Difference | -27.88 | -22.93 | -4.95 | -.14 | .16 |
| Male | 595.89 | 594.61 | 1.27 | .04 | .57 |
| Female | 595.43 | 591.25 | 4.18 | .12 | .06 |
| Difference | .46 | 3.36 | -2.90 | -.08 | .38 |
| K–8 | 577.63 | 574.86 | 2.77 | .07 | .11 |
| 9–12 | 677.27 | 674.67 | 2.60 | .10 | .43 |
| Difference | -99.64 | -99.81 | .17 | .00 | .96 |
| Cohort 2 | 579.35 | 576.16 | 3.19 | .09 | .07 |
| Cohort 1 | 655.32 | 654.22 | 1.10 | .04 | .74 |
| Difference | -75.97 | -78.06 | 2.09 | .06 | .58 |
| * Statistically significant at the 95 percent confidence level. | |||||
| Means are regression-adjusted using a consistent set of baseline covariates. Impacts are displayed in terms of scale scores and effect sizes in terms of standard deviations. Valid N for reading = 1,649; math = 1,715. Separate reading and math sample weights used. | |||||