
Intervention > Evidence Snapshot
Lindamood Phoneme Sequencing (LiPS)
Students with a Specific Learning Disability
LiPS® was found to have potentially positive effects on alphabetics, reading fluency, and math, no discernible effects on reading comprehension, and potentially negative effects on writing for students with learning disabilities.
A group of closely related outcomes.
A summary of the effectiveness of an intervention in an outcome domain, based on the quality of research, the statistical significance of findings, the magnitude of findings, and the consistency of findings across studies.
![]() Positive: strong evidence that intervention had a positive effect on outcomes. |
![]() Potentially Positive: evidence that intervention had a positive effect on outcomes with no overriding contrary evidence. |
![]() Mixed: evidence that intervention’s effect on outcomes is inconsistent. |
![]() No Discernible: no evidence that intervention had an effect on outcomes. |
![]() Potentially Negative: evidence that intervention had a negative effect on outcomes with no overriding contrary evidence. |
![]() Negative: strong evidence that intervention had a negative effect on outcomes. |
For more, please see the WWC Glossary entry for rating of effectiveness.
Evidence Tier
The Department of Education’s evidence tiers. For more information, please see the WWC Glossary entry for evidence tiers.
The percent of each characteristic is based on the sample size of all studies meeting standards that reported data on the characteristic.
Percentages below may not add to 100 percent.
Findings
Outcome domain |
Effectiveness Rating | Grades | Evidence Tier |
---|---|---|---|
Alphabetics | ![]() |
1-4 |
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Comprehension | ![]() |
1-4 |
![]() |
General Mathematics Achievement | ![]() |
4 |
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Reading Fluency | ![]() |
4 |
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Writing achievement | ![]() |
4 |
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Last Updated: March 2010
Race
Black | 35% | |
White | 65% |
Gender
Delivery Method

Locations
This intervention report was prepared for the WWC by Mathematica under contract ED-07-CO-0062.