This practice guide provides evidence-based practices that can help teachers tailor their instructional approaches and/or their mathematics intervention programs to meet the needs of their students.
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Systematic Instruction: Provide systematic instruction during intervention to develop student understanding of mathematical ideas.
Mathematical Language: Teach clear and concise mathematical language and support students’ use of the language to help students effectively communicate their understanding of mathematical concepts.
Representations: Use a well-chosen set of concrete and semi-concrete representations to support students’ learning of mathematical concepts and procedures.
Number Lines: Use the number line to facilitate the learning of mathematical concepts and procedures, build understanding of grade-level material, and prepare students for advanced mathematics.
Word Problems: Provide deliberate instruction on word problems to deepen students’ mathematical understanding and support their capacity to apply mathematical ideas.
This practice guide was prepared for the WWC by Instructional Research Group under contract 91990018F0375 (GRAPE T1).
The following research staff contributed to the guide:
Madhavi Jayanthi, Russell Gersten, Rebecca Newman-Gonchar, Robin Schumacher, Kelly Haymond, Julia Lyskawa, Betsy Keating, and Seth Morgan.
Lynn S. Fuchs (Chair)
Vanderbilt University
Nicole Bucka
Bridging Research, Implementation, & Data to Guide Educators in Rhode Island (Bridge-RI)
Ben Clarke
University of Oregon
Barbara Dougherty
Curriculum Research & Development Group, University of Hawai’i
What Works Clearinghouse released a webinar for educators on evidence-based resources to improve STEM skills for students in elementary, middle, and high school. Experts and educators discussed exampl...
Robin Schumacher provides an Introduction to the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Lynn Fuchs provides an overview of recommendation1, systematic Instruction, from the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Karen Karp provides an overview of Recommendation 2: Mathematical Language in the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Barbara Dougherty provides an overview of Recommendation 3: Representations in the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Nancy Jordan provides an overview of Recommendation 4: Number Line in the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Lynn Fuchs provides an overview of Recommendation 5: Word Problems in the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Nicole Bucka provides an overview of Recommendation 6: Timed Activities in the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Robin Schumacher provides an Introduction to the practice guide, Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades.
Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades Practice Guide
These protocols guided the reviews of research that informed the recommendations contained in the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) practice guides.