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Retaining Rural Teachers by Addressing Working Conditions: A Guide to Develop and Test Localized Strategies

REL Northwest
Author(s):
Trudy Cherasaro,
David Yanoski
Publication date:
August 2026
Publication number:
REL 2026-017

Summary

Rural districts across the United States struggle to keep teaching positions filled. Teachers in rural schools are more likely than their urban and suburban counterparts to cite dissatisfaction with working conditions as their primary reason for leaving their positions, and working conditions are factors that districts can directly address.

REL Northwest, in partnership with the Lower Kuskokwim School District in Bethel, Alaska, developed Retaining Rural Teachers by Addressing Working Conditions: A Guide to Develop and Test Localized Strategies (REL 2026-017) to give rural district leaders a practical, research-based process for tackling this challenge.

Use the Guide

The guide provides district leaders with a structured five-step process:

  1. Review research and local data to build a shared understanding of the opportunities to improve local working conditions.
  2. Identify root factors that are preventing progress toward the working conditions teachers need to stay.
  3. Develop a theory of action to identify, prioritize, and sequence strategies to address the root factors and define what success looks like.
  4. Build implementation and data collection plans that clarify who does what, by when, and how progress will be tracked.
  5. Analyze, interpret, and respond to data to monitor implementation and make adjustments over time.

The guide includes facilitator guides, research summaries, worksheets, and additional resources to support the work, providing everything a district team needs to carry the work from start to finish. It is designed for rural contexts where small school sizes, geographic isolation, and limited capacity require approaches that are practical, flexible, and tailored to local needs.

Complete Guide add remove
  • Working Conditions Guide  (1.76 MB)
  • Zipfile of all components (9.81 MB)
Preplanning add remove

Who can support and guide the project?

  • Identify core team (342.25 KB)
  • Set the foundation (310.76 KB)

Related worksheets:

  • Worksheet 1: Identify core team (408.86 KB)
  • Worksheet 2: Identify advisory team (131.59 KB)
  • Worksheet 3: Resource checklist (290.92 KB)
Step 1: Review research and local data add remove

In what areas are there opportunities to improve working conditions?

  • Compile and organize local data (330 KB)
  • Review research and data (481.13 KB)
  • Working conditions research and strategies (395.26 KB)

Related worksheets:

  • Worksheet 4: Identify local data (144.07 KB)
  • Worksheet 5: Key takeaways from research (145.15 KB)
  • Worksheet 6: Examine local data (248 KB)
Step 2: Identify root factors limiting desired working conditions add remove

What is preventing progress toward the desired working conditions?

  • Understand working conditions (288.55 KB)

Related worksheets:

  • Worksheet 7: Describe current and desired working conditions (161.24 KB)
  • Worksheet 8: Identify root factors (132.67 KB)
Step 3: Develop theory of action plan add remove

What strategies will help improve these working conditions?

  • Brainstorm strategies (1.05 MB)
  • Sequence strategies and identify success indicators (306.31 KB)

Related worksheets:

  • Worksheet 9: Theory of action (138.67 KB)
Step 4: Developing implementation and data collection plans add remove

How do we implement strategies to address working conditions and know if they are working?

  • Develop implementation plan (220.76 KB)
  • Develop data collection plan (280.55 KB)
  • Develop and test surveys (598.84 KB)
  • Creating surveys (1.75 MB)
  • Working conditions survey bank (264.65 KB)
  • Cognitive interview protocol (187.9 KB)

Related worksheets:

  • Worksheet 10: Implementation plan (239.06 KB)
  • Worksheet 11: Data matrix (206.48 KB)
  • Worksheet 12: Data collection plan (206.42 KB)
Step 5: Analyze, interpret, and respond to data add remove

How do we monitor working conditions strategies and plan for next steps?

  • Analyze data (261.59 KB)
  • Interpret data and determine actions (317.92 KB)

Related worksheets:

  • Worksheet 13: 5 Ds protocol (236.5 KB)
Worksheets add remove
  • Worksheet 1: Identify core team (408.86 KB)
  • Worksheet 2: Identify advisory team (131.59 KB)
  • Worksheet 3: Resource checklist (290.92 KB)
  • Worksheet 4: Identify local data (144.07 KB)
  • Worksheet 5: Key takeaways from research (145.15 KB)
  • Worksheet 6: Examine local data (248 KB)
  • Worksheet 7: Describe current and desired working conditions (161.24 KB)
  • Worksheet 8: Identify root factors (132.67 KB)
  • Worksheet 9: Theory of action (138.67 KB)
  • Worksheet 10: Implementation plan (239.06 KB)
  • Worksheet 11: Data matrix (206.48 KB)
  • Worksheet 12: Data collection plan (206.42 KB)
  • Worksheet 13: 5 Ds protocol (236.5 KB)

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Tool/Toolkit
REL Northwest

Retaining Rural Teachers by Addressing Working Conditions: A Guide to Develop and Test Localized Strategies

By: Trudy Cherasaro, David Yanoski
Download Zipfile of all components

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Tags

Educators, School Culture, Teaching

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