Co-Principal Investigators: Cannata, Marisa; Ballou, Dale; Caboni, Timothy C.; Cronin, John; Goldring, Ellen; Green, Ruth; Guthrie, James W.; Howell, William G.; Hoxby, Caroline M.; Kamil, Michael; Loveless, Tom; Peterson, Paul; Smrekar, Claire; Springer, Matthew G.; Walberg, Herbert J.; Wong, Kenneth K.

Topic: Innovation in Education Reform

Purpose: The National Center on School Choice conducts scientific, comprehensive studies on school choice to inform policy and practice. The Center is examining both individual and systemic aspects of school choice through coordinated multidisciplinary research initiatives conducted by an expert team of scholars—sociologists, economists, psychologists, political scientists, curriculum experts, psychometricians, statisticians—from some of the nation's top research organizations. The methodology includes experimental and quasi-experimental design studies, as well as studies focusing on institutions and governance.

Established through a five-year grant from the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education, the NCSC is located at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College in Nashville, Tennessee. The $13.3 million grant includes the original $9,972,909 grant and a supplement to conduct an additional research study.

Products

Effects of Choice on Student Achievement
The main objectives of this study are to demonstrate how charter schools affect the achievement of students who attend them, and how the loss of students to charter schools affects the student composition of regular public schools. Researchers are currently conducting analyses employing an experimental research design in the evaluation of charter schools in New York City, Illinois, and Florida.

Impact of Choice, Competition, and Governance
This project examines whether school choice and accountability have increased student performance. Researchers will use student-level data (as opposed to school-level) from the Milwaukee Public School System, which should allow researchers to address factors such as the mobility of students among schools, the changing demography from one grade cohort to the next, and differential testing participation rates each year.

Effects of Charter Schools at the Individual and Systemic Levels
This study examines the way charter schools begin (conversion versus start-up) and how they perform. Researchers are comparing the current enrollment, faculty, and achievement characteristics of conversion schools in California to those characteristics prior to conversion, and to the characteristics of start-up charters. In a different study of charter schools in ten states, researchers are examining various aspects of performance, including over time (e.g., is there a depressing effect on test scores during the first two years of operation) and oversight (e.g., schools run by education management organizations). Additionally, economic, political, and organizational rationales for the founding of charter schools are examined.

Opening the Black Box in Choice and Regular Public Schools
Researchers aim to discover what organizational, curricular and instructional conditions promote student achievement and whether/how these conditions differ between schools of choice—charter schools, magnet schools, private religious and nonreligious schools—and matched regular public schools. Researchers are currently collecting and analyzing data to address: (1) how schools of choice differ from traditional public schools in terms of autonomy, innovation, and accountability; and (2) how these core components of choice schools are related to instructional conditions that promote more positive educational outcomes, such as increased student achievement in reading, Language Arts, and mathematics. The project will estimate growth in student achievement using a three-level hierarchical linear models (with students nested within classrooms nested within schools).

Center Website: http://www.vanderbilt.edu/schoolchoice/.

Products and Publications

Book

Berends, M., Cannata, M., & Goldring, E. B. (2011). School Choice and School Improvement. Harvard Education Press. Retrieved from http://www.hepg.org/hep/book/135.

Berends, M., Springer, M.G., and Walberg, H.J. (2008). Charter School Outcomes. New York: Routledge.

Berends, M., Springer, M.G., Ballou, D., and Walberg, H.J. (2009). Handbook of Research on School Choice. New York: Routledge.

Betts, J., and Loveless, T. (2005). Getting Choice Right: Ensuring Equity and Efficiency in Education Policy. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.

Howell, W.G. (2005). Besieged: School Boards and the Future of Education Politics. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.

Howell, W.G., and Peterson, P. (2006). Education Gap: Vouchers and Urban Schools, Revised Edition. Washington, DC: Brookings.

Peterson, P.E. (2005). Choice and Competition in American Education. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

Peterson, P.E. (2006). Generational Change: Closing the Test Score Gap. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

Walberg, H.J. (2007). School Choice: The Findings. Washington, DC: Cato Institute.

Woessmann, L., and Peterson, P.E. (2007). Schools and the Equal Opportunity Problem. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Wong, K., Shen, F.X., Anagnostopoulos, D., and Rutledge, S. (2007). The Education Mayor: Improving America's Schools. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Book chapter

Arsen, D. & Ni, Y. (2011). Shaking up public schools with competition: Are they changing the way they spend money? In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 193–214). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Ballou, D. (2009). Magnet School Outcomes. In M. Berends, M. Springer, D. Ballou, and H. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 409–426). New York: Routledge.

Ballou, D., Teasley, B., and Zeidner, T. (2008). Charter School Outcomes in Idaho. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Charter School Outcomes (pp. 221–241). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Berends, M. (2009). Social Perspectives on School Choice. In M. Berends, M. Springer, D. Ballou, and H. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 35–53). New York: Routledge.

Berends, M., Watral, C., Teasley, B., and Nicotera, A. (2008). Charter School Effects on Achievement: Where We Are and Where We're Going. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Charter School Outcomes (pp. 243–266). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cannata, M. (2011). How do principals respond to charter school competition? In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 177–192). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Goldring, E. (2009). Perspectives on Magnet Schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, D. Ballou, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 361–378). New York: Routledge.

Goldring, E., & Mavrogordato, M. (2011). International Perspectives on Academies: Lessons Learned from Charter Schools and Choice Options Around the Globe. In Gunter, H. (ed). The State and Education Policy: The Academies Programme NY: Continuum Books.

Goldring, E., and Cravens, X. (2008). Teachers' Academic Focus on Learning in Charter and Non-Charter Schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Charter School Outcomes (pp. 39–59). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Hill, P.T. & Jochim, A.E. (2009). Political perspectives on school choice. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, & H.G. Walberg, (Eds.). Handbook of Research on School Choice (3–18). New York: Routledge.

Hill, P.T., and Lake, R.J. (2008). Charter School Governance. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, & H.G. Walberg, (Eds.). Charter School Outcomes (113–130). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Howell, W.G. (2008). Education Policy, Academic Research, and Public Opinion. In F. Hess (Ed.), When Research Matters: How Scholarship Influences Education Policy (pp. 135–154). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.

Hoxby, C.M., and Murarka, S. (2006). Comprehensive yet Simple: Florida's Tapestry of School Choice Programs. In P.E. Peterson (Ed.), Reforming Education in Florida (pp. 167–211). Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press.

Hoxby, C.M., and Murarka, S. (2008). Methods of Assessing the Achievement of Students in Charter Schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Charter School Outcomes (pp. 7–37). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Ladd, H., Fiske, E.B., & Ruijs, N. (2011). Does parental choice foster segregatead schools? Insights from the Netherlands. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 233–254). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Loveless, T., and Field, K. (2009). Perspectives on Charter Schools. In M. Berends, M. Springer, D. Ballou, and H. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 99–114). New York: Routledge.

Nicotera, A., Mendiburo, M., & Berends, M. (2011). Charter school effects in Indianapolis. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 35–50). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Peterson, P. & Viarengo, M. (2011). Eighth graders and compliance: Social capital and school sector impacts on noncognitive skills of early adolescents. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 51–76). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Peterson, P.E. (2007). The A+ Plan. In Paul E. Peterson (Ed.), Reforming Education in Florida: Recommendations From the Koret Task Force (pp. 49–66). Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press.

Peterson, P.E. (2009). Voucher Impacts: Differences Between Public and Private Schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, D. Ballou, and H. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook on Research on School Choice (pp. 99–114). New York: Routledge.

Peterson, P.E., Torinus, N., and Smith, B. (2006). School Choice in Milwaukee: Fifteen Years Later. In P.T. Hill (Ed.), Charter Schools Against All Odds (pp. 71–101). Stanford, CT: Education Next Books.

Phillips, K.R., Hausman, C., & Larsen, E.F. (2011). Does intradistrict transfer make the grade? A case study of the effects of school choice on achievement. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 77–103). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Podgursky, M. (2008). Teams versus bureaucracies: Personnel Policy, wage setting, and teacher quality in traditional public, charter, and private schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, and H.G. Walberg, (Eds.) Charter School Outcomes (61–83). New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Sattin-Bajaj, C. (2011). Communication breakdown: Informing immigrant families about high school choice in New York City. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 147–175). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Smrekar, C. (2009). Social Context of Magnet Schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, D. Ballou, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 393–407). New York: Routledge.

Springer, M.G., Pepper, M., Gardner, C.D., and Bower, C.B. (2009). Supplemental Educational Services Under No Child Left Behind. In M. Berends, M. Springer, D. Ballou, and H. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 569–592). New York: Routledge.

Stein, M., and Goldring, E., (2011). Dynamics of Parent Involvement in Urban Charter Schools: Parents' Perceptions, Principals' Expectations, and Student Achievement. In S. Auerbach (Ed.), School Leadership for Authentic Family and Community Partnerships: Research Perspectives for Transforming Practice. New York: Routledge.

Stein, M., Goldring, E., and Cravens, X. (2010). Do Parents Do as They Say? Choosing Indianapolis Charter Schools. Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Stevens, W. D., de la Torre, M., & Johnson, D. (2011). Barriers to access: High school choice processes and outcomes in Chicago. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 125–146). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Teasley, B. (2009). Charter School Outcomes. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, D. Ballou, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 209–226). New York: Routledge.

Wolf, P., Kisida, B., Gutmann, B., Puma, M., Rizzo, L., & Eissa, N. (2011). School vouchers in the nation's capital: Summary of experimental impacts. America's charter schools skim the cream from the top. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 15–34). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Wong, K., and Klopott, S. (2009). Politics and Governance in Charter Schools. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, D. Ballou, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Handbook of Research on School Choice (pp. 115–136). New York: Routledge.

Wong, K., and Shen, F.X. (2008). Charter Law and Charter Operations: Re-Examining the Charter School Marketplace. In M. Berends, M.G. Springer, and H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Charter School Outcomes (pp. 131–157). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Wong, K., and Wishnick, D. (2007). Expanding the Possibilities: The Diverse-Provider Model in Urban Districts. In R. Rothman (Ed.), City Schools (pp. 73–86). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Zimmer, R., Gill, B., Booker, K., Lavertu, S., & Witte, J. (2011). True or False? America's charter schools skim the cream from the top. In M. Berends, M. Cannata, & E. B. Goldring (Eds.), School choice and school improvement (pg. 215–232). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.

Journal article, monograph, or newsletter

Berends, M., and Donaldson, K. (2016). Does the Organization of Instruction Differ in Charter Schools? Ability Grouping and Students' Mathematics Gains. Teachers College Record, 118 (11).

Berends, M., Goldring, E., Stein, M., and Cravens, X. (2010). Instructional Conditions in Charter Schools and Students' Mathematics Achievement Gains. American Journal of Education, 116 (3): 303–336.

Berends, M., Goldring, E., Stein, M., and Cravens, X. (2010). Instructional Conditions in Charter Schools and Students' Mathematics Achievement. American Journal of Education, 116 (3): 303–335.

Berends, M., Langevin, W., and Springer, M.G. (2007). Editors' Preface, Special Issue on Policy, Politics, and Organization of School Choice. Peabody Journal of Education , 82 (2): 179–183.

Berry, C., and Howell, W. (2007). Accountability and Local Elections: Rethinking Retrospective Voting. Journal of Politics, 69 (3): 844–858. Campbell, D.E., West, M.R., and Peterson, P.E. (2005). Participation in a National Means-Tested School Voucher Program. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 24 (3): 523–541.

Cannata, M. (2011). Charter Schools and the Teacher Job Search. Journal of School Choice, 5 (1): 111–133.

Cannata, M. and Engel, M. (2012). Does Charter Status Determine Preferences? Comparing the Hiring Preferences of Charter and Traditional Public School Principals. Education Finance and Policy, 7 (4): 455–488.

Cannata, M. and Penaloza, R. (2012). Who Are Charter School Teachers? Comparing TeacherCharacteristics, Job Choices, and Job Preferences. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 20 (29): 1–25.

Chakrabarti, R. (2008). Can Increasing Private School Participation and Monetary Loss in a Voucher Program Affect Public School Performance? Evidence from Milwaukee. Journal of Public Economics, 92 (5): 1371–1393.

Chingos, M., Henderson, M., and West, M.R. (2010). Grading Schools. Education Next, 10 (4): 60–67.

Cravens, X. C., Goldring, E., & Peñaloza, R. V. (2012). Leadership Practice in the Context of U.S. School Choice Reform. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 11 (4): 452–476.

Freeman, K. J., and Berends, M. (2016). The Catholic School Advantage in a Changing Social Landscape: Consistency or Increasing Fragility?. Journal of School Choice, 10 (1): 22–47.

Goff, P.T., Mavrogordato, M. and Goldring, E. (2012). Instructional Leadership in Charter Schools: Is There an Organizational Effect or Are Leadership Practices the Result of Faculty Characteristics and Preferences?. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 11 (1): 1–25.

Holmes, G.M., DeSimone, J., and Rupp, N.G. (2006). Friendly Competition: Does the Presence of Charters Spur Public Schools to Improve?. Education Next, 6 (1): 67–70.

Howell, W.G. (2006). Switching Schools? A Closer Look at Parents' Initial Interest in and Knowledge About the Choice Provisions of No Child Left Behind. Peabody Journal of Education, 81 (1): 140–179.

Howell, W.G. and West, M.R. (2005). Gray Lady Wheezing: The AFT Hoodwinks the "Times". Education Next, 5 (1): 74–77.

Howell, W.G., and West, M. (2008). Is the Price "Right"?. Education Next, 8 (3): 36–41.

Howell, W.G., and West, M. (2009). Educating the Public. Education Next, 9 (3): 40–47.

Howell, W.G., Peterson, P., and West, M. (2007). What Americans Think About Their Schools: The 2007 "Education Next"-PEPG Survey. Education Next, 7 (4): 12–26.

Howell, W.G., Peterson, P.E., and West, M.R. (2009). The Persuadable Public. Education Next, 9 (4): 20–29.

Hoxby, C.M., and Murarka, S. (2008). Charter Achievement in New York City. Education Next, 8 (3): 54–61.

Hoxby, C.M., and Rockoff, J. (2005). Findings From the City of Big Shoulders: Younger Students Learn More in Charter Schools. Education Next, 5 (4): 52–58.

Mavrogordato, M. and Stein, M. (2016). Accessing Choice: A Mixed-Methods Examination of How Latino Parents Engage in the Educational Marketplace. Urban Education, 51 (9): 1031–1064. 

Peterson, P. (2008). School Vouchers in the United States: Productivity in the Public and Private Sectors. Journal of Educational Science, 11 (2): 253–267.

Peterson, P.E. (2007). The Case for Curriculum-Based, External Examinations Which Have Significant Consequences for Students. Peabody Journal of Education , 82 (4): 645–666.

Peterson, P.E., and Chingos, M.M. (2009). For-Profit and Non-Profit Management in Philadelphia Schools. Education Next, 9 (2): 64–70.

Peterson, P.E., and Llaudet, E. (2007). The NCES Private-Public School Study: Findings Are Other Than They Seem. Education Next, 7 (1): 75–79.

Peterson, P.E., and West, M.R. (2006). Is Your Child's School Effective? Don't Rely on NCLB to Tell You. Education Next, 6 (4): 76–80.

Peterson, P.E., Howell, W., and West, M. (2008). The 2008 Education Next-PEPG Survey of Public Opinion. Education Next, 8 (4): 12–26.

Preston, C., Goldring, E, Berends, M., and Cannata, M. (2012). School Innovation in District Context: Comparing Traditional Public Schools and Charter Schools. Economics of Education Review, 31 (2): 318–330.

Prusinski, E. L., Ruddy, A. M., Plucker, J. A., & Cierniak, K. A. (2015). Chartering New Waters: The Indianapolis Mayoral Transition and the Charter School Community. Educational Policy, 29 (4), 617–644.

Rose, B. and Stein, M. (2014). Mechanisms for Teacher Outreach to Parents in Charter and Traditional Public Schools. Journal of School Choice, 8 (4): 589–617.

Springer, M. (2007). The Influence of an NCLB Accountability Plan on the Distribution of Student Test Score Gains. Economics of Education Review, 27 (5): 556–563.

Springer, M. (2008). Accountability Incentives: Do Schools Practice Educational Triage?. Education Next, 8 (1): 74–79.

Springer, M.G., Rosenquist, B., and Swain, W. (2015). Monetary and Nonmonetary Student Incentives for Tutoring Services: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Research on Edcucational Effectiveness, 8 (4): 453–474.

Stein, M. (2015). Public School Choice and Racial Sorting: An Examination of Charter Schools in Indianapolis. American Journal of Education, 121 (4): 597–627.

Stuit, D. A. & Smith, T. M. (2012). Explaining the Gap in Charter and Traditional Public School Teacher Turnover Rates. Economics of Education Review, 31 (2): 268–279.

West, M.R., and Peterson, P.E. (2006). The Efficacy of Choice Threats Within School Accountability Systems: Results From Legislatively Induced Experiments. The Economic Journal, 116 (510): 46–62.

Wong, K.K., and Langevin, W. (2007). Policy Expansion of School Choice in the American States. Peabody Journal of Education, 82 (2): 440–472.

Wong, K.K., and Walberg, H.J. (2006). Introduction to the Special Issue on Contemporary School Choice Research. Peabody Journal of Education, 81 (1): 1–6.

Nongovernment report, issue brief, or practice guide

Canata, M. (2011). How Do Principals Respond to Charter School Competition? Research Brief. National Center on School Choice, Vanderbilt University.

Cannata, M. (2010). Charter Schools and the Teacher Job Search in Michigan . Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Cannata, M. (2011). How Do Principals Respond to Charter School Competition? Understanding the Mechanisms of the Competitive Effects . Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Cravens, X., Goldring, El, and Penaloza, R. (2011). Leadership Practices and School Choice . Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Henderson, M. (2010). Does Information Help Families Choose Schools? Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design . Harvard University Program on Education Policy and Governance (PEPG 10–17). Cambridge, MA: KSG Faculty Research Working Paper Series, Harvard University.

Hoxby, C.M., and Murarka, S. (2007). A Series of Reports on Individual Charter Schools in New York City (Reporting on Results through the 2005–06 School Year). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.

Hoxby, C.M., and Murarka, S. (2007). New York City's Charter Schools: Overall Report. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. Hoxby, Caroline M., and Sonali Murarka. (2009) Charter Schools in New York City: Who Enrolls and How They Affect Their Students' Achievement . No. w14852. National Bureau of Economic Research.

Loveless, T. (2010). The 2009 Brown Center Report on American Education: How Well Are American Students Learning? With Sections on NAEP Trends, the Persistence of School Test Scores, and Conversion Charter Schools. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Nicotera, A., Mendiburo, M. and Berends, M. (2010). Charter School Effects in Indianapolis: An Analysis of Student Achievement Gains . Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Prusinski, E. L., Ruddy, A.-M., and Plucker, J. A. (2011). Mayors as Charter School Authorizers: A Case Study of the Indianapolis Mayoral Transition. Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Smrekar, C. (2011). Taking Charge of Choice: How Charter School Policy Contexts Matter . Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Stein, M., Goldring, E., and Cravens, X. (2010). Do Parents Do as They Say? Choosing Indianapolis Charter Schools . Research Brief from the National Center on School Choice.

Stuit, D.A., and Smith, T.M. (2009). Teacher Turnover in Charter Schools. Nashville, TN: National Center on School Choice, Vanderbilt University.

Wolf, P.J. (2007). Civics Exam: Schools of Choice Boost Civic Values. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Program on Education Policy and Governance.

Wong, K. K., Shen, F. X., and Purvis, B. (2010). Resource Allocation and Performance Management in Charter Schools: Connections to Student Success. Research Brief. National Center on School Choice, Vanderbilt University.

Working paper

Chakrabarti, R. (2008). Impact of Voucher Design on Public School Performance: Evidence From Florida and Milwaukee Voucher Programs . Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports, no 315.

Chakrabarti, R. (2011). Do Vouchers Lead to Sorting Under Random Private School Selection? Evidence From the Milwaukee Voucher Program . Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports, no 379.

Chingos, M. (2010). The Impact of a Universal Class-Size Reduction Policy: Evidence From Florida's Statewide Mandate (PEPG 10–03). Cambridge, MA: Program on Education Policy and Governance Working Paper.

Chingos, M.M., Henderson, M., and West, M.R. (2010). Citizen Perceptions of Government Service Quality: Evidence From Public Schools (PEPG 10–16 ). Cambridge, MA: Program on Education Policy and Governance Working Paper.

Chou, H. K., and Kamil, M. (2009). Research on Choice Schools and Reading . Vanderbilt University.

Howell, W., and Henderson, M. (2010). Public Opinion on Merit Pay: Self Interest vs. Symbolic Politics (PEPG 10–05). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Kennedy School Working Paper.

Hoxby, C.M., and Murarka, S. (2007). Charter Schools in New York City: Who Enrolls and How They Affect Their Students' Achievement (NBER 14852). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper.

Peterson, P.E. (2007). School Reform in Philadelphia: A Comparison of Student Achievement at Privately-Managed Schools With Student Achievement in Other District Schools (PEPG 07–03). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Working Paper.

Peterson, P.E., and Chingos, M.M. (2009). Impact of For-Profit and Non-Profit Management on Student Achievement: The Philadelphia Intervention, 2002–2008 (PEPG 09–02). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Working Paper.

Peterson, P.E., and Llaudet, E. (2006). On the Public-Private School Achievement Debate (PEPG 06–02). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Working Paper.

Peterson, P.E., and Llaudet, E. (2007). Heterogeneity in School Sector Effects on Elementary Student Performance (PEPG 07–08). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Working Paper.

West, M., and Woessmann, L. (2008). Every Catholic Child in a Catholic School: Historical Resistance to State Schooling, Contemporary Private Competition, and Student Achievement Across Countries (PEPG 08–05). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Working Paper.

Key Personnel: Marisa Cannata, Dale Ballou, Timothy C. Caboni, John Cronin, Ellen B. Goldring, Ruth Green, James W. Guthrie, William G. Howell, Caroline M. Hoxby, Michael Kamil, Tom Loveless, Paul Peterson, Claire Smrekar, Matthew G. Springer, Herbert J. Walberg, Kenneth K. Wong

IES Program Contact: Dr. Katina Stapleton
Email: Katina.Stapleton@ed.gov
Telephone: (202) 219-2154